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Causes of Primary amenorrhea-
Problems with the hypothalamus: Hypothalamus is the area in brain that regulates menstrual periods. Eating disorders, more exercise and psychological stress can be affected the hypothalamus.
Lack of reproductive organs: when a baby girl born without cervix, uterus and vagina. Her reproductive system is incomplete and didn’t work normally. A girl has not menstrual period due to any major parts in reproductive system.
Chromosomal abnormalities: sometimes chromosomal abnormalities can be caused absence of menstruation. Chronic illness also the cause of amenorrhea.
Pituitary disease: Pituitary gland also regulate the menstrual periods. But sometimes a tumor may stop the work of pituitary gland.
Structural abnormality to the vagina: wall in the vagina may stop the blood from cervix and uterus. Amenorrhea can be developed due to abnormal structure of vagina.
Causes of secondary amenorrhea:
Pregnancy: pregnancy is the main cause of secondary amenorrhea.
Stress: psychological stress is also cause of secondary amenorrhea. Stress affected the hypothalamus area that regulate the menstrual periods.
Medication: medications such as antipsychotic, antidepressants and chemotherapy drugs may causes of amenorrhea.
More exercise and low body weight: low body weight may disrupt hormonal functions and eating disorder like anorexia can be caused amenorrhea. Women who participate in gymnastics and long-distance running may develop amenorrhea. Other causes include high energy expenditure and stress.
Thyroid malfunction: Thyroid commonly causes of irregular of menstrual periods. Pituitary gland produces the prolactin hormone. Unbalanced prolactin level may interrupt the menstrual periods.
Common causes of secondary amenorrhea are:
- Pregnancy
- Breast feeding
- Cessation of birth control pills
- Menopause
- Some birth control methods, such as Depo Provera
Other causes of secondary amenorrhea include:
- Stress
- Poor nutrition
- Depression
- Certain drugs/medications
- Extreme weight loss
- Over-exercising
- Ongoing illness
- Sudden weight gain or being very overweight (obesity)
- Problems with hormone-making glands, including the thyroid (rare)
- Tumors on the ovaries (rare)
- Prior uterine surgery with scarring
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